Female Reproductive System Labeled Diagram
Summary
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human reproductive organisation, organ system by which humans reproduce and bear alive offspring. Provided all organs are present, normally constructed, and functioning properly, the essential features of homo reproduction are (1) liberation of an ovum, or egg, at a specific time in the reproductive wheel, (ii) internal fertilization of the ovum past spermatozoa, or sperm cells, (3) transport of the fertilized ovum to the uterus, or womb, (4) implantation of the blastocyst, the early embryo developed from the fertilized ovum, in the wall of the uterus, (5) formation of a placenta and maintenance of the unborn child during the entire period of gestation, (six) nativity of the child and expulsion of the placenta, and (seven) suckling and care of the child, with an eventual return of the maternal organs to well-nigh their original state.
For this biological procedure to exist carried out, certain organs and structures are required in both the male and the female. The source of the ova (the female germ cells) is the female person ovary; that of spermatozoa (the male germ cells) is the testis. In females, the two ovaries are situated in the pelvic crenel; in males, the two testes are enveloped in a sac of skin, the scrotum, lying below and exterior the belly. Besides producing the germ cells, or gametes, the ovaries and testes are the source of hormones that cause full development of secondary sexual characteristics and also the proper functioning of the reproductive tracts. These tracts comprise the fallopian tubes, the uterus, the vagina, and associated structures in females and the penis, the sperm channels (epididymis, ductus deferens, and ejaculatory ducts), and other related structures and glands in males. The function of the fallopian tube is to convey an ovum, which is fertilized in the tube, to the uterus, where gestation (evolution earlier nativity) takes place. The function of the male ducts is to convey spermatozoa from the testis, to store them, and, when ejaculation occurs, to eject them with secretions from the male glands through the penis.
At copulation, or sexual intercourse, the erect penis is inserted into the vagina, and spermatozoa independent in the seminal fluid (semen) are ejaculated into the female genital tract. Spermatozoa then laissez passer from the vagina through the uterus to the fallopian tube to fertilize the ovum in the outer part of the tube. Females exhibit a periodicity in the activity of their ovaries and uterus, which starts at puberty and ends at the menopause. The periodicity is manifested by menstruation at intervals of about 28 days; of import changes occur in the ovaries and uterus during each reproductive, or menstrual, cycle. Periodicity, and subsequently menstruum, is suppressed during pregnancy and lactation.
This manufactures describes the organs, both male and female, that are involved in human being reproduction. The reproductive process itself is covered in other articles. For a detailed discussion of the series of changes that occur in a woman's body every bit her fetus develops, see pregnancy. For a clarification of the stages of labour and delivery, see parturition. For the evolution of the unborn child during gestation, see human embryology. For coverage of the many diseases and disorders that tin touch on the reproductive organs, encounter reproductive system disease.
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Development of the reproductive organs
The sex of a child is determined at the fourth dimension of fertilization of the ovum by the spermatozoon. The differences betwixt a male and a female are genetically determined by the chromosomes that each possesses in the nuclei of the cells. One time the genetic sex has been determined, there unremarkably follows a succession of changes that volition event, finally, in the development of an developed male or female. There is, notwithstanding, no external indication of the sex of an embryo during the first viii weeks of its life inside the uterus. This is a neutral or indifferent stage during which the sex of an embryo can be ascertained just by examination of the chromosomes in its cells.
The adjacent phase, 1 of differentiation, begins first in gonads that are to become testes and a week or so later in those destined to exist ovaries. Embryos of the two sexes are initially alike in possessing similar duct systems linking the undifferentiated gonads with the exterior and in having similar external genitalia, represented by iii simple protuberances. The embryos each have four ducts, the subsequent fate of which is of bully significance in the eventual anatomical differences betwixt men and women. Two ducts closely related to the developing urinary arrangement are chosen mesonephric, or wolffian, ducts. In males each mesonephric duct becomes differentiated into four related structures: a duct of the epididymis, a ductus deferens, an ejaculatory duct, and a seminal vesicle. In females the mesonephric ducts are largely suppressed. The other two ducts, called the paramesonephric or müllerian ducts, persist, in females, to develop into the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and part of the vagina; in males they are largely suppressed. Differentiation also occurs in the primitive external genitalia, which in males become the penis and scrotum and in females the vulva (the clitoris, labia, and anteroom of the vagina).
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At birth the organs appropriate to each sex accept adult and are in their developed positions just are not operation. Diverse abnormalities can occur during development of sex organs in embryos, leading to hermaphroditism, pseudohermaphroditism, and other chromosomally induced conditions. During babyhood until puberty there is steady growth in all reproductive organs and a gradual development of activity. Puberty marks the onset of increased activeness in the sexual activity glands and the steady development of secondary sexual characteristics.
In males at puberty the testes enlarge and become active, the external ballocks overstate, and the capacity to ejaculate develops. Marked changes in meridian and weight occur as hormonal secretion from the testes increases. The larynx, or vocalisation box, enlarges, with resultant deepening of the voice. Sure features in the skeleton, as seen in the pelvic bones and skull, become accentuated. The hair in the armpits and the pubic pilus becomes abundant and thicker. Facial hair develops, too every bit pilus on the chest, abdomen, and limbs. Hair at the temples recedes. Peel glands go more active, especially apocrine glands (a blazon of sweat gland that is plant in the armpits and groin and around the anus).
In females at puberty, the external genitalia overstate and the uterus commences its periodic activity with menstruation. The breasts develop, and in that location is a deposition of body fatty in accord with the usual contours of the mature female person. Growth of axillary (armpit) and pubic hair is more abundant, and the pilus becomes thicker.
Female Reproductive System Labeled Diagram,
Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/human-reproductive-system
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